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有谁考过广东外语外贸大学自考本科商务英语？
难度还好吧，教材要么在网上买，要么在广外附近的书店就有自考的书买、可是新生的学费里包括了书本费，可不可以去掉我也不知道没试过；旧生就要自己买书。科目有
商务英语翻译，
高级英语上、下册，
标准日语初级和中级，
Listentothis(听力，中级和高级），
外贸函电，
中国近代史纲要，
马克思主义基本原理概论，
英语写作，
外刊经贸知识选读，
国际贸易实务，
国际商务英语，
非商务英语专业专科的学生需加考，
新编商务英语写作1、2
新编商务英语泛读2、3、4
还有听力要考，不过不用书的。
哪位大神有自考商务英语的资料？
国际商务英语学科考试复习要点
Lesson1InternationalBusiness
商务术语：
FDIGDPBOTpatentcopyrightvaluechainfranchising(紫色书10-11页)
国际商务贸易的主要类型
A．Trade：a.commoditytrade(商品贸易,也叫有形贸易visibletrade)
b.servicetrade(服务贸易,也叫无形贸易invisibletrade)
B.Investment(投资):a.foreigndirectinvestment(FDI外国直接投资)
b.portfolioinvestment(证券投资)
C.Othertypes(其他类型):a.licensingandfranchising(国际许可与特许经营)
b.managementcontractandcontractmanufacturing(管理合同和承包生产)
翻译练习:
1.随着经济全球化的发展,无形贸易即使在发展中国家的国际贸易中所占的比例也逐渐增大
Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,invisibletradeaccountsforanincreasingproportionoftheworldtradeeveninthedevelopingcountries
2.BOT是“交钥匙”工程的一种流行的变通形式
BOTisapopularvariantoftheturnkeyproject
Lesson2IncomeLevelandtheWorldMarket
商务术语:
GNPPPP(purchasingpowerparity购买力平价)Staplegoods(大路货)
creditorcountry(债权国)(紫色书25页)
国民生产总值和国内生产总值(GNP和GDP)
GNP:referstothemarketvalueofgoodsandservicesproducedbythepropertyandlaborownedbytheresidentsofaneconomy
GDP:referstothemarketvalueofallgoodsandservicesproducedwithinthegeographicareaofaneconomy.
Percapitaincome(人均收入):Itiscalculatedbydividingitsnationalincomebyitspopulation
TriadandQuad(三方组合和四方组合):A.UnitedStates
B.WesternEurope
C.Japan
D.Canada
翻译练习:
1.国民生产总值和国内生产总值体现了一个国家的全部收入,在衡量国民收入方面可以互换使用。
GNPandGDPindicateacountry’stotalincome.Theycanbeusedinterchangeablytomeasurethelevelofitsnationalincome.
2.欧盟作为三方组合的一个分支，在使我们的市场多元化方面起着相当重要的作用
EU,asonelegofTriad,playsanimportantroleintherespectofdiversifyingourmarket
Lesson3RegionalEconomicIntegration
商务术语:
tariffrates(关税率)settlement(协议)cartel(卡特尔)freetradearea
NAFTA(NorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement北美自由贸易协定)紫色书41页
1.地区一体化的主要目标(Majorobjectivesofregionalintegration)
Tobetterenjoythebenefitoffreeflowofgoods,services,capital,laborandotherresources,atthesametimepossiblyputupbarrierstoeconomicactivitieswithnon-members
2.地区经济一体化的四个层次(Fourlevelsofregionaleconomicintegration)
A.Freetradearea(自由贸易区)—-经济一体化程度低,内部团结,但各成员对外采用各自的贸易政策
B.CustomsUnion(关税同盟)—所有成员对外都实行相同的贸易政策
C.Commonmarket(共同市场)—共同的对外政策,生产要素也在各成员国间流动
D.Economicunion(经济联盟)—-经济一体化程度最高,共同的对外政策,生产要素也
.在各成员国间流动,统一协调各国在经济金融领域的
国内政策,统一货币
3.掌握EU(欧洲联盟),APEC(亚太经济合作组织).OPEC(石油输出国组织)
翻译练习:
1.共同市场具有使商品,服务,劳动力甚至资本,技术在各成员国之间自由流通的特点.
Thecommonmarketischaracterizedbythefreeflowofcapitalandtechnologybesidesgoods,servicesandlabor.
2.欧盟是一个机构齐全的实体,其历史可以追溯到1952年.
TheEuropeanUnionisafull-fledgedentity,whosehistorydatesbackto1952.
Lesson4EconomicGlobalization
商务术语:
Shareholders，boardofdirectors，parentcompany，affiliate，day-to-dayrunning，multinationalcorporation，homecountry，hostcountry紫色书63-64页
1．经济全球化的基本特征和优劣势：
A．Basicfeature：a.freeflowofcommodity，capital，technology，serviceandinformation
b.optimizedallocationofresources
B.Advantagesandnegativeimpacts:
Advantages:a.newimpetusandopportunitiestoworldeconomicdevelopment
b.mutualbenefitsfromeconomicbooms
Negativeimpacts:a.makecountriesmorevulnerabletotheadverseeventsacrosstheglobal
b.notbalancedbenefits
3.跨国公司(multinationalcorporations)
A.organization—parentandaffiliates(组织—-母公司与子公司)
B.features:a.enormoussizeb.widegeographicalspread(广阔的地域分布)
c.needs,goalsandroles(需要,目标和作用):profits,security
C.fourtypes:a.multi-domesticcorporation
b.globalcorporation
c.transnationalcorporation
d.worldcompany
4.翻译:
a.经济全球化使得各国经济更容易受到全球各地不利事件的伤害。
Economicglobalizationismakingthevariouseconomiesmorevulnerabletotheadverseeventsacrosstheglobe.
b.安全对任何一个跨国企业而言都极为重要,因为没有安全,跨国企业组织的生存便无法保证。
SecurityisextremelyimportanttoanyMNEbecausewithoutit,anMNE’ssurvivalcanneverbeassured.
Lesson5-6InternationalTrade(1)(2)
商务术语:
services(劳务),primarycommodities(初级产品),absoluteadvantage(绝对利益),comparativeadvantage(比较利益),quota(配额),customsunion(关税同盟),advaloremduty(从价税),specificduties(从量税),drawback(退税),MFN(最惠国待遇),non-tariffbarrier(非关税壁垒).紫色书:90页110页
1.国际贸易的定义(definition):
Itreferstotheexchangeofgoodsandservicesproducedinonecountrywiththoseproducedinanother
2.国际贸易的两个缘由(Tworeasonsforinternationaltrade)
a.theunevendistributionofnaturalresourcesamongcountries
b.internationalspecialization(国际专业化)
3.国际专门化的两个理论(Twotheoriesforinternationalspecialization)
a.Thetheoryofabsoluteadvantage(绝对利益理论):
acommoditywillbeproducedinthecountrywhereitcostsleastintermsofresources(capital,land,andlabour)
b.Thetheoryofcomparativeadvantage(相对对利益理论):
Evenifacountryislessefficientthananotherintheproductionofproducingbothcommodities,thereisstillabasisformutuallybeneficialtrade.
4.关税壁垒和非关税壁垒(tariffbarriersandnon-tariffbarriers)
a.tariffbarriers:exportduty(进口税),importduty(出口税),—-specificduties从量税
advaloremduty.从价税
Compoundduty混合税
b.non-tariffbarriers:quotas—-themostcommonformofnon-tariffbarriers
5.翻译练习
a.比较优势理论已成为现代国际贸易思想的基石
Comparativeadvantagehasbecomethecornerstoneofmodernthinkingoninternationaltrade
b．关税壁垒是限制贸易最常见的形式
Tariffbarriersarethemostcommonformsoftraderestriction.
Lesson7Incoterms2000
商务术语：
EDI(电子数据交换)，customersclearance(结关)，dispatch(发运)，ICC
Roll-on-roll-off(滚装滚卸),incoterms(国际贸易通则)，FOB(起运港船上交货价)，CFR(成本加运费价)，CIF(成本加运费加保险费价)紫色书132-133页
1.《国际贸易术语解释通则》的必要性和目的ThenecessityandpurposeofhavingIncoterms
ThepurposeofINCOTERMSistoprovideasetofinternationalrulesforthemostcommonlyusedtradetermsinforeigntradeandavoiduncertaintiesofdifferentinterpretationsofsuchtermsindifferentcountries.
3.三个最常用术语(Thethreemostcommonlyusedterms)
FOB:FreeonBoard装运港船上交货
CFR:CostandFreight成本加运费
CIR:Cost,InsuranceandFreight成本,保险费,加运费
翻译练习:
a.折扣是指卖方按照商品的原价给买方以一定比率的价格减让
Discountmeansthatsellersoffertobuyersacertainpercentageofreductionontheoriginalprice.
b.买卖双方在制定合同时,如果有理解一致的具体规则可供参照,他们就肯定能简单可靠地确定各自的责任
If,whendrawinguptheircontract,buyerandsellerhavesomecommonlyunderstoodrulestospecificallyreferto,theycanbesureofdefiningtheirrespectiveresponsibilitiessimplyandsafely.
Lesson8BusinessContract
商务术语:
Inquiry(询盘,询价),quotation(报价单),validityperiod(有效期),offer(发盘),counter-offer(还盘),offeree(收盘人),salesconfirmation(销售确认书),Consignment(寄售),foremajeure(不可抗力),businessline(业务范围),contractproper(合同正文),articlenumber(货号).紫书150-151页
1.合同的定义(definition)
Acontractisanagreementwhichsetsforthbindingobligationsoftherelevantparties
2.谈判过程及签定合同(theprocessofnegotiationandtheconclusionofthecontract)
inquiry–quotation—>offerandacceptance-counter-offer
3.合同的种类(Thetypesofcontracts)
a.salescontract
b.purchasecontract
c.salesconfirmation
4.合同的构成(thesettingupofacontract)
a.thetitle(合同名称)
b.thecontractproper(合同正文)
c.Thesignatureofthecontractingparties(缔约双方签字)
d.Thestipulationsonthebackofthecontract(合同背面的规定)
翻译练习:
a.在实盘情况下,我们通常保留有效期三天
Incaseoffirmoffers,weusuallykeepouroffersopenforthreedays
Lesson9ModesofTrade
商务术语:
Countertrade(对销贸易),hyperinflation(极度通货膨胀),Reichstock，protectionism，Clearingsystem(票据交换制度),netpositions(净头寸),compensationtrade(补偿贸易),barter(易货贸易),counterpurchase(互购贸易)
Buyback(回购贸易),centrallyplannedeconomies(中央计划经济国家),processingtrade(加工贸易),consignment(寄售贸易),leasingtrade(租赁贸易)，aution(竞卖／拍卖),agency(代理)174-175页
1.对销贸易的主要优点(majoradvantagesofcountertrade)
a.helpingtodealwithforeignexchangeshortages
b.promotingexports
c,reducinguncertaintyregardingexportreceipts
d.bypassinginternationalpriceagreement
e.helpingcountrieswithdebtproblemstoimportgoods
3.对销贸易的缺点(thedrawbacksofcountertrade)
a.veryriskybusiness(concealtherealpricesandcostsoftransactions)
b.Companiesmaysufferlossesbecausetheycouldnotgetridofproductsofpoorquality
c.aformofproctectionism
a.“互相捆绑”是易货贸易,回购贸易和互惠贸易的共同特征
“Bundling”isthefeaturecommontobarter,counterpurchaseandbuyback.
b.作为一种捆绑贸易,对销贸易一般是在成熟市场经济国家和市场机制不完善的国家间发生的贸易
Asatypeofbundledtrade,countertradegenerallytakesplacebetweenmaturemarketeconomiesandeconomieswithimperfectmarketinstitution..
Lesson10InternationalPayment
商务词汇:
debtor(债务人),debit(收方/借方),financialstanding(财务状况),creditworthiness(信誉),periodicpayment(分期付款),cashinadvance(预付现金),usancedraft(远期汇票),documentarydraft(跟单汇票),cleandraft(光票),documentarycollection(跟单托收),D/P(付款交单),D/A(承兑交单).194-195页
1.国际贸易支付的复杂性(thecomplexityofpaymentininternationaltrade):
Mutualtrustishardtobuild.Boththeexporterandtheimporterfacevariouspoliticalrisks,commercialrisksetc.
2.在一定条件下的两种支付方法:
a.cashinadvanceorpartialcashinadvance(预付现金和部分预付现金)
b.openaccount(记账交易)
3.汇票(thedraft/billofexchange)
a.definition:anunconditionalordertoabankoracustomertopayasumofmoneytosomeoneondemandoratafixedtimeinthefuture
b.signdraftandusancedraft(即期汇票和远期汇票)
c.cleandraft(光票:汇票不附单据)anddocumentarydraft(跟单汇票:随同汇票一起的有相关的单据,如提单,发票,保险单)
4.跟单拖收(documentarycollection)
a.D/P:付款交单:documentswillnotbereleasedtotheimporteruntilpaymentiseffected
b.D/A:承兑交单:documentshandedovertotheimporteruponhisacceptanceofthebillofexchangedrawnbytheexporter
翻译练习:
a.许多国际交易是通过汇票支付的,汇票是对银行或顾客的支付命令
Alotofinternationaltransactionsarepaidforbymeansofthedraftthatisanordertoabankoracustomertopay
b.即期汇票要求受票人见到汇票后立即付款
Asightdraftcallsforimmediatepaymentonpresentationtothedrawee.
Lesson11-12Credit(1),(2)
商务术语:
Applicant(申请人),openingbank(开证行),correspondingbank(关系行),advisingbank(通知行),confirmingbank(保兑行).Reimburse(付款),unitprice(单价),partialshipment(分批装运).Cleancredit(光票信用证),revocablecredit(可撤消信用证),irrevocablecredit(不可撤消信用证).Maturity(到期日,偿还日),capitalturnover(资金周转率),facevalue(面值),discount(贴现),deferredpayment(延期付款),revolvingcredit(循环信用证).紫色书220页345页
1.信用证独特的具有代表性的特征
Thebilateralsecurity—双边保证
2.信用证的相关当事人及其在信用证业务中的作用—联系淘宝的例子
A.theapplicant(开证)
B.theopeningbank(开证行)
C.theadvisingbank(通知行)
D.thenegotiatingbank(议付行)
E.theconfirmingbank(保兑行)
4.信用证的局限性(limitation)
a.inabilitytoprovideabsolutesecurity
b.beingmoreexpensivethanotherformsofpayment
1.信用证的目的是通过银行信誉为国际支付提供便利
TheobjectiveofanL/Cistofacilitateinternationalpaymentbymeansofthecreditworthnessofthebank.
2.信用证极大地方便并促进了国际贸易,然而它并不能给缔约双方提供绝对安全
Theletterofcredithasgreatlyfacilitatedandpromotedinternationaltrade.However,itcannotprovideabsolutesecurityforthecontractingparties.
Lesson13MajorDocumentsRequiredinWorldTrade
商务术语:
Documents(单据),takedeliveryof(提货),billoflading(提单).Consignee(收获人),airbill(空运提单),cargoreceipt(铁路运单),commercialinvoice(商业发票),certificateofquality(品质证书).Insurancepolicy(保险单)紫色书上269页
1,主要单据(majortypesofdocuments)
a.commercialinvoice商业发票
b.packinglist装相单
c.thebilloflading提单
d.insurancepolicyandinsurancecertificate保险单和保险证书
e.variouscertificate其它各种证书
翻译练习:
1.提单的签发日期绝不能晚于信用证所规定的时间
Thedatewhenthebillofladingisissuedcanbynomeansbelaterthanthatstipulatedinthecredit
2.货物一装上船,请即电告收发人
Youarerequestedtonotifytheconsigneebycableassoonasthegoodsareshipped.
Lesson14InternationalTransportation
商务术语:
Finishedproducts(制成品),deregulation(撤消管制规定),productivity(生产率),costeconomies(成本节约),intermediateproducts(中间产品),naturalproductprovinces(产品自然领域),Inventory(存货,库存),freighttransportation(货物运输)紫色书292页
1.五种主要运输方式Thefivemajormodesoftransportation
Water,rail,truck,pipeline,andair
2.改变运输业的四大因素Thefourfactorsthataresubstantiallychangingtransportation
a.transportationderegulation
b.just-in-timeinventorysystems
c.competitionbasedonhighlevelofcustomerservice
d.globalizationofbusiness
翻译练习:
a.在当前市场竞争十分激烈的情况下,出口商必须加快货运,以快取胜
Atatimewhencompetitionisfierce,exporterscanbeattheircompetitorsbyspeedingupshipment.
b.运输对工业社会的发展和运行起着至关重要的作用
Transportationisfundamentaltothedevelopmentandoperationofanindustrialsociety.
Lesson15-16Insurance(1),(2)
商务术语:
Insured(保户),Insurer(承保人),margin(保险金),underwriter(保险商),pool(共同款项),cargoinsurance(运输保险),marineinsurance(海上保险),indemnity(赔偿),ruin(损失),insurableinterests(可保险权),principleofutmostfaith(最大诚信原则),forwardingcharge(远期费用)紫色书307,322页
1.保险的定义(definition)’
Itcanbedefinedasasocialdeviceinwhichagroupofindividualstransferriskandprovidesforpaymentoflossesfromfundscontributedbyallmemberswhotransferredrisk
2.保险的三个主要原则(Threemainprinciplesofinsurance)
a.insurableinterest
b.utmostgoodfaith
c.indemnity
两个辅助原则(twosub-principleofinsurance)
a.contribution
b.suborgation
翻译练习:
a.货物保险通常有火险,海上保险和意外事故保险
Cargoinsuranceincludesfire,marineandaccidentinsurance.
b.没有可保利益的保险合同是无效的。而任何根据这类合同提出的所赔都不会受理
Aninsurancecontractwithoutaninsurableinteresttosupportitisinvalidandanyclaimmadeuponitwillnotbeentertained
Lesson17TheInternationalMonetarySystemandExchangeRate
商务术语：
Changeofrate，goldstandard，reservecurrency，cleanfloat，dirtyfloat，discount，medialrate
1汇率
A．fixedexchangerate
B．flexibleexchangerate
C．majorfactorsinfluencingexchangerate：ainternationalbalanceofpayment
b.inflation
c.interestrate
D.Commonmeasuresforinterventioninexchangerate
a.buyingorsellingforeigncurrency
b.raisingorloweringdiscountrate
c.foreignexchangecontrol
翻译练习:
尽管国际收支账面平衡,但在有错误与遗漏项目时,差额是非常庞大的,每一项都会有盈余或赤字,如果在3年或5年期间盈余抵消了亏损.则仍然认为国际收支是平衡的。
Whilethebalanceofpaymentisalwaysinaccountingbalance，theoddsareastronomicalthatitwouldbesowithoutthestatisticaldiscrepancyitem.Therewouldbeasurplusoradeficitinalmosteverycase,butthebalanceofpaymentwouldneverthelessbeconsideredinequilibriumifoverthree-to-fiveyearperiodthesurplusesmoreorlesscanceledoutthedeficits.
从18-20课,商务术语请参照紫色书上每课后面的商务词汇复习,记一些常见的
Lesson18InternationalFinancialOrganization
1.Theworldbankgroup(世界银行集团)
a.组成:IBRD,IDA,IFC,IMF.MIGA
b.目标:tohelpraisestandardsoflivingindevelopingcountriesbychannelingfinancialresourcestothemfromdevelopedcountries
2.IBRD(国际复兴开发银行)
a.sourceofcapital:membercountries
b.financingofitslendingoperation:fromtheworldcapitalmarkets
c.targetcountries:developingcountriesatmoreadvancedlevel
d,basicrulesgoverningitsoperation:forproductivepurpose/repayment
3.IDA(国家开发协会):targets:thepoorerdevelopingcountries,
basicrulesgoverningitsoperation:nointerests
4.IFC(国际金融公司):
Function:toassisttheeconomicdevelopmentofless-developedcountries
5.MIGA(多边投资担保机构):
Mandate：toencourageequityinvestmentandotherdirectinvestmentflowstodevelopingcountries
6．IMF
a．theimportanceofthequota
b．function：providingtemporaryfinancingforcountriessufferingcyclical，seasonedorrandomshocksthatwouldweakenitscurrency.
翻译练习:
不同于世界银行,国际开发协会无法从竞争的资本市场上筹集资金,取而代之的是它靠发达国家和一些欠发达国家捐赠的资金。
Unliketheworldbank,theIDAcannotraisecapitalincompetitivecapitalmarketsanddependsinsteadonsubscriptiondonatedbythedevelopedcountriesandsomeundevelopedcountries.
Lesson19-22(刚上课不久,简概)
1.对外直接投资的主要因素majorfactorsforundertakingFDI紫书379
2.对外直接投资的形式formsofFDI紫书382
3.政券交易所的作用theroleofstockexchange紫书401
国内普通股市包括的三个市场ThreeareasfortheDomesticEquityMarket紫书402-403
4.WTO与GATT的区别紫书422
5,WTO与China(achievementsandchallenges)紫书424-426
6贸发会的目标objectivesofUNCTAD紫书453
7贸发会的组织organizationofUNCTAD紫书454
祝发家考试成功!
我今年参加自考，专业是商务英语，但不知道要购买哪些课程材料，知道的帮忙解答一下，很感谢。
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自学商务英语首要什么教材或者书籍？
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